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AN OPTIMIZATION MODEL FOR ROAD USER COST FOR COMMERCIAL VEHICLES OPERATOR IN UNIVERSITY CAMPUS

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 Format: MS WORD ::   Chapters: 1-5 ::   Pages: 56 ::   Attributes: Questionnaire, Data Analysis, Abstract ::   1,461 people found this useful
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CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY

The need for Road User Cost (RUC) study in LGED cannot be over emphasised. LGED have been engaged in rural road improvement since last 3 decades. To justify the improvement of each road, there has to be economic justification. The economic justification constitutes mainly economic analysis and then income and employment generation. To do a sound economic analysis, the determinations of Vehicle Operating Cost (VOC) along with travel time and accident costs are essential. So far, LGED have no basic study for determining these parameters. Consequently, the researchers had to depend upon a 5 years old (2004-2005) RHD study whose road categories are different from LGED’s. The present study has been undertaken to fill that gap. LGED have been engaged in new construction, development and maintenance of rural roads and bridges for which feasibility, monitoring and evaluation are required by Planning Commission and donor agencies. This can be done fairly quickly with the determination of Vehicle Operating Costs and Travel Time Costs in relation to International Roughness Index (IRI) as these are standardized for LGED roads in the present study. Road user costs (RUC) are the costs borne by the people through use of the road network facility. A road infrastructure project involves three types of cost in its useful life; they are; construction cost, maintenance cost and road user cost. While construction and maintenance costs are incurred by the concerned road development agency, road user costs are borne by the users of road output. Of these three components of life-cycle cost, road user cost occupies the major proportion depending on the volume of traffic plying on road. According to an empirical study carried out by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) in 1994 on cost-shares under optimal maintenance situation of road infrastructure, the proportion of RUC is about 38% on a road with 50 vehicles per day, about 75% on a road with 300 vehicles per day and above 90% on a road with 5000 vehicles per day.

1.2 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM

When orderly planning and execution of road maintenance is undermined, through insufficient or uncertain budgetary allocations, road networks can deteriorate to the point that production and distribution costs of other economic activities are significantly increased. A Road Fund is an institutional device through which a selected stream of revenues is put at the disposal of a government road department or agency without being subjected to general budget procedures and reviews. In the 1960s and 1970s such Road Funds were established in Africa, Latin America and Asia. As an extra budgetary arrangement to deal with economically inefficient asset deterioration, these “traditional” Road Funds, often set up at the behest of the Bank to protect Bank-financed investments, were typically financed by earmarked taxation. Many of the more recent Road Funds being established in Eastern Europe (Russia, Georgia) are based on this model.

1.3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The main aim of the research work is to design an optimization model for road user cost for commercial vehicles operators in University campus. Other specific objectives of the study are:


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Paper Information

Format:ms word
Chapter:1-5
Pages:56
Attribute:Questionnaire, Data Analysis, Abstract
Price:₦3,000
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