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Project Topic:

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MAINTENANCE STRATEGIES OF STUDENTS HOSTEL IN EYE CENTER AND EAR CARE CENTER

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 Format: MS WORD ::   Chapters: 1-5 ::   Pages: 67 ::   Attributes: Questionnaire, Data Analysis, Abstract ::   1,965 people found this useful

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY

Infrastructural development with well planned maintenance is one of major characteristics of a developed nation. That is why in many developed nations there is a huge presence of several well maintained infrastructures like sky scrapers, tall buildings etc. Infrastructural development and maintenance plays a great role in the socio-economic growth of a nation. Many developed nations invest on infrastructure and depend on it as a source of revenue for their economy. Hence they take maintenance of these infrastructures seriously. Countries like Dubai use infrastructure to attract tourists to their nation and this in turn yield revenue for the country. The United Kingdom, Canada, United States of America, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Germany, France, Japan, China, Hong Kong have many developed educational institutions with adequate infrastructure which is one of the reasons why many Nigerians troop into these countries, spend a lot of money to acquire education. This in turn generates huge revenue for these countries.

However routine infrastructural maintenance has been an Achilles in many Nigerian public institutions due to poor funding, misuse of facility by occupants, bribery and corruption etc. Construction projects in Nigeria are worth billions of Naira. It is of great importance that construction management practices is given great attention otherwise, it will negatively affect the management of the infrastructure. Public buildings are allowed to dilapidate to unusable levels before maintenance plans are made to preserve its economic value and durability. Sometimes such buildings are left without any form of maintenance for a long time and these leads to total overhaul and reconstruction of the previously constructed project, resulting in a serious economic waste. Many institutions carry out infrastructure development through PPP but measurable indicators to success or otherwise do not exist. Maintenance can be defined as every action taken to preserve an infrastructure in its original state so that it will retain its economic value and durability. There are two types of maintenance, the planned and unplanned maintenance. Planned Maintenance consists of preventive maintenance, corrective/emergence maintenance. Under preventive maintenance we have scheduled maintenance and conditioned maintenance. However, unplanned maintenance consists of corrective/emergence maintenance.

Maintenance is defined as a combination of technical in addition to administrative activities causing the actual safety in addition to satisfactory function regarding tool repair involves many methods from standard cleaning in order to fixes in addition to substitutions. . It can be as small as changing a washer to stop a leaking tap, or as large as repainting an entire building. Beneficial repair allows retain the value of the building and makes the property more enjoyable to occupy. Forget about regarding repair also can be a hearth in addition to safety risk to safety that could cause becoming officially chargeable for just about any accidents.

Buildings are an integral part of a nation’s heritage, skyline and distinct character. They are designed and built to sustain their initial functions and beauty for both the present and future users. The condition and quality of buildings in which we live, work and learn reflects a nation’s well-being (Wordsworth, 2001). According to Olagunju (2012), buildings cannot remain new throughout their entire life. Maintenance problems start to creep in once building projects are completed and maintenance needs to be carried out on them in order to sustain the performance of the buildings and keep them in good condition. Higher education institution buildings constitute a significant part of the nation’s assets. It is through the university buildings that, future leaders, captains of industry, entrepreneurs, professionals and scientists are produced (Mat et al., 2009). These types of buildings require maintenance in order to provide a quality and favourable environment for learning, research and administrative activities within the institution (Lateef, et al., 2010).

Higher institutions these days among other things use the nature, design and condition of their buildings to entice students. The need for attractive facilities places new demands on maintenance managers, requiring them to adopt more systematic and pro-active approaches to their work (Buys & Nkado, 2006). It has been established by Lateef et al. (2010) that, from time to time, new structures are being constructed within the various institutions to upgrade educational facilities and provide a better quality of education while the existing buildings suffer inadequate maintenance. Thus, with any inadequacy of the building facilities, the prime objective of the university will be difficult if not impossible to achieve (Lateef et al., 2010). Therefore, a well maintained building is critical to delivering higher education institutions core business objectives which includes learning, teaching and research.

The growing population of students in higher education institutions is increasing on a yearly basis, therefore, it is important to ensure that buildings are performing not only optimally but are functional throughout their life-cycles. Hence, the educational process and learning activities may be interrupted if the buildings experience poor performance conditions, thus affecting the students’ academic achievement (Khalil & Husin, 2011). However, Buys et al. (2009) and Zulkarnain et al. (2011) indicated that the performance of tertiary institutions, in terms of maintenance management, is far below best practice. It can be seen that managers prefer carrying out reactive maintenance works rather than proactive works and sometimes do not consider the clients satisfaction and also the performance of services (Zulkarnain et al., 2011). A study carried out in Ghana showed that many of the public institutions in Ghana are often inadequately maintained and some of the building elements and facilities frequently show evidence of lack of maintenance and repair. Some of the office buildings of the institutions have not seen any significant maintenance or show little signs of maintenance since they were constructed. This lack of maintenance by the authorities and users of these facilities often leads to reduced lifespan of these buildings which invariably defeats the purpose for which they were constructed (Cobbinah, 2010). The situation in Nigeria is not in any way different from the Ghana scenario.

A considerable number of researches have been carried out on public and residential buildings (Adejimi, 2005; Adewunmi et al., 2011; Oladapo, 2004; Olagunju, 2012; Zubairu, 2001) with only a few on educational buildings. Studies have been conducted on educational building maintenance in South-western Nigeria and in other countries like Malaysia and South Africa. Buys and Nkado (2006) revealed inadequate funding as the most contributory factor to maintenance problems in South Africa higher institutions. In Akinsola et al. (2012), plumbing and electrical problems, and lack of maintenance culture are most peculiar to tertiary institutional buildings in South-western university buildings while Lateef et al. (2010) concluded that most Malaysian universities adopt corrective and cyclical maintenance management systems which led to an accumulation of maintenance backlogs. Since challenges abound in maintenance management practices of educational institutions highlighted above, and with the growing intake of students on these weakened building facilities, the aim of the study is to assess the building maintenance practices employed in higher education institutions in Nigeria and suggest measures for effective maintenance management systems in these institutions in eye and ear center.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Erecting infrastructure without a functional maintenance plan or policy for it poses a great danger for the occupant and leads to serious economic loss. According to previous studies on infrastructural maintenance, many infrastructural facilities in public institutions in Nigeria especially the eye center and ear center are inadequately maintained. The few that are maintained are allowed to dilapidate completely without any sustainable maintenance plan. Consequent upon this, many infrastructures in public institutions are fast losing their economic value and at the same time putting the life of the occupants in danger. In Nigeria student’s hostels, there seems that infrastructural maintenance plan is not in place; also the existing public infrastructural buildings have been dilapidating at a rather fast rate. Such that if no infrastructural maintenance scheme or plan is developed and implemented the University will soon suffer a huge disastrous infrastructural damage. This research therefore will give a comparative analysis of maintenance strategies of students hostel in eye center and ear center. It is hoped that from this study, an infrastructural building maintenance plan will be developed.

1.3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

The main aim of the study is to give a comparative analysis of maintenance strategies of student’s hostel in eye care center and ear care center. Other specific objectives include:

  1. to determine the type of maintenance strategies adopted in eye and ear care centers of students hostel.
  2. to determine the difference between the maintenance strategies adopted in eye and ear care centers of student hostels.
  3. to investigate the factors affecting the maintenance strategies of students hostels in eye center and ear care center.
  4. to proffer solution to the problem of maintenance strategies of students hostels in eye center and ear care center.

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

  1. What are the types of maintenance strategies adopted in eye and ear care centers of student’s hostel?
  2. What is the difference between the maintenance strategies adopted in eye and ear care centers of student hostels?
  3. What are the factors affecting the maintenance strategies of students hostels in eye center and ear care center?
  4. What is the solution to the problem of maintenance strategies of students hostels in eye center and ear care center?

1.5 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS

1. H0: there is no significant difference in the maintenance strategies of student’s hostels in eye center and ear care center.

2. HI: there is significant difference in the maintenance strategies of student’s hostels in eye center and ear care center.

1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

This research will contribute to knowledge and theory of sustainable maintenance of infrastructure. It will also investigate factors that negatively affect maintenance strategies of students hostel in  eye center and ear care centre and proffer solutions to the problems. This research will also assist authorities of public institutions in Nigeria to know the current state of their structures and dangers of using deteriorated and badly damaged facilities especially in schools. The importance of maintaining good health and safety in relation to good building maintenance strategies of students’ hostel practices will also be captured in this research work.

Finally, the study will serve as an added knowledge to other researchers for further studies.

1.7 SCOPE OF STUDY

The study will cover the maintenance strategies of student’s hostels in eye center and ear care center.

1.8 LIMITATION OF STUDY

1. Financial constraint- Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).

2. Time constraint- The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work.

1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Comparative: measured or judged by estimating the similarity or dissimilarity between one thing and another; relative.

Analysis: detailed examination of the elements or structure of something.

Maintenance: the process of preserving a condition or situation or the state of being preserved.

Strategy: a plan of action designed to achieve a long-term or overall aim.

Students’ hostel: student hostel means building used by educational institutions

Eye center: a clinic where specialist care for a patient's eyes. Clinic, medical establishments run by a group of medical specialists.

Ear care center: a clinic where specialist care for a patient's ears. Clinic, medical establishments run by a group of medical specialists.

 


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Paper Information

Format:ms word
Chapter:1-5
Pages:67
Attribute:Questionnaire, Data Analysis, Abstract
Price:₦3,000
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